Atmospheric boundary layer of coastal region is affected by both ocean and land, the source, chemical composition and aging processes of particles are complex. These affect ice nucleation efficiency of particles, and thus cloud formation and cloud properties. Vertical distribution of particle composition is crucial for better understanding in its biogeochemical cycle and climate effects. Here, we collected particles using a sampling system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle over the Bohai Sea. Single particle characterization was investigated by computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive analysis of X-rays to reveal the temporal and spatial variation of particle composition under different weather processes. The results demonstrate that dominated components and vertical distribution of particles show significant difference under different weather processes during the field campaign. Some flights show significant vertical variations during dust and non-dust periods. Sulfur-containing particles dominate during sea fog and are vertically well mixed. We find that chemical composition and vertical distribution of particles in the Bohai Sea are influenced by weather processes and different sources including ocean and anthropogenic activities.