BGC-05 Coastal biogeochemical processes in a climatically sensitive ocean
Shelf sediments in the Benguela Upwelling System as a major source of trace metals to the shelf and eastern South Atlantic Ocean
Te Liu* , GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany
Stephan Krisch, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany and Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde, Am Mainzer Tor 1, 56068 Koblenz
Ruifang C. Xie, School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Mark J. Hopwood, Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
Marcus Dengler, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany
Eric P. Achterberg, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany

Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems are highly productive regions of the ocean where a combination of biogeochemical and physical processes lead to pronounced oxygen minimum zones (OMZs). Continental shelves underlying the OMZ act as a source of redox-sensitive micronutrients to the water column, which combined with a rich supply of macronutrients (N, P and Si) supports elevated primary production. Here, we present dissolved trace metals (dTM) concentrations including iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni) and copper (Cu) within the Benguela Upwelling System (BUS) from the coastal section of the GEOTRACES GA08 cruise. Distributions of nutrient-type dCd, dNi and dCu against phosphate indicated intense regeneration on the Namibian shelf. Redox-sensitive dFe, dCo and dMn originated from the shelf sediments constituted a dominant source of these metals to shallow coastal waters and to the open eastern South Atlantic,whilst atmospheric contribution is negligible. We further found a key role of shelf edge on off-shelf transfer of dFe and dCo as their offshelf fluxes from the subsurface (200 - 500 m) are larger than those in upper 200 m to the eastern South Atlantic ocean. Under future conditions of more intense ocean deoxygenation, benthic fluxes of dFe, dCo and dMn in this region could increase further, potentially contributing to a shift towards more extensive regional limitation of primary production by fixed N availability.