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BGC-05 Coastal biogeochemical processes in a climatically sensitive ocean
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Incubation experiments to characterize particle-dissolved trace metal (Fe, Mn, Co, Cu, Ni and Cd) dynamics in glacier plumes
Xunchi Zhu* , State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, 570228 Haikou, China Mark J. Hopwood, Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055 Shenzhen, China Katja Laufer-Meiser, Marine Biogeochemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, D-24148 Kiel, Germany Eric P. Achterberg, Marine Biogeochemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, D-24148 Kiel, Germany |
Glacier runoff is associated with high sediment loads derived from glacial weathering. The total and labile particulate trace metal load of runoff is therefore often vastly in excess of the dissolved trace metal load, and exchange between particulate and dissolved phases has the potential to be a strong moderating influence on dissolved trace metal concentrations around glaciated coastlines. Here we compare and contrast the behaviour of the elements iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and cadmium (Cd) following addition of different glacier-derived sediments into Atlantic seawater at varying conditions of temperature (4-11°C), light intensity (dark/2500 Lux) and sediment load (20-500 mg/L). Despite a relatively large labile Fe content across all particle types (0.28-3.50 mg Fe g-1 of dry sediment), only 0.12-7.34 μg Fe g-1 was released into seawater with Fe release less efficient as sediment load increased. Conversely, most other elements, and especially Mn, exhibited a relatively constant rate of release which was insensitive to sediment load. Dissolved Mn concentrations in most incubations exceeded dissolved Fe concentrations within 1 hour despite labile Mn content being, on average, ca. 7-fold less than labile Fe content. Our results show the potential for glacier-derived particles to be a measurable source of most dissolved trace metals to marine waters, although the short residence time of particles in the water column in the context of (sub-)Arctic glacier fjords means seawater-particle exchange in suspension is probably only realized for a short period of time prior to rapid sedimentation. |
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